Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antiviral Properties of Malpighiaceae Family and Its Potential Impact for Oral Cavity Infectious Diseases

Recently, the impact of oral infections on global human health and their importance in the complications of patients with some chronic conditions have been recognized. Current medical treatments deal with the specificity and resistance of pathogenic strains of the oral cavity made up of by bacteria, fungi and viruses; thus, novel substances are necessary for use as effective drugs. Plants have been a source of active chemical agents since ancient times; however, a number of family plants still remain unstudied. This is the case of Malpighiaceae, a flowering plant family that possesses secondary metabolites that have exhibited a variety of pharmacological effects with promising results. This review has as objective to provide an overview of the extracts and active constituents isolated from species belonging to the Malpighiaceae family, to emphasize their activities against bacteria, fungi and viruses during recent years and their potential impact on the pathogensof the oral cavity.

Compuestos naturales de plantas de la familia clusiaceae: Inhibidores del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana tipo 1 / Natural compounds from plants of the clusiaceae family: Type 1 human immunodeficiency virus inhibitors / Compostos naturais de plantas da família clusiaceae: Inibidores do virus de imunodeficiência humana tipo 1

El SIDA es un problema de salud pública mundial, por lo que es necesario coordinar los esfuerzos para combatir esta enfermedad. En esta perspectiva, se revisan las investigaciones tendientes al descubrimiento y desarrollo de nuevos fármacos contra el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) a partir de metabolitos secundarios de origen vegetal aislados de especies de la familia Clusiaceae. En particular, la revisión se enfoca en las cumarinas tetracíclicas inhibidoras de la transcriptasa reversa del VIH-1, como el (+)-calanólido A. También se presenta una semblanza sobre la biología del VIH y de los estudios llevados a cabo en México referentes a la búsqueda de compuestos antiVIH a partir de la flora local.

AIDS being a worldwide public health problem, it is necessary to coordinate efforts to fight the disease. Under this viewpoint, we review research aiming at the discovery and development of new drugs against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from secondary metabolites of vegetal origin, isolated from species of the clusiaceae family. Particularly, the review centers on tetracyclic cumarines that inhibit the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, such as the (+)-calanolide A. A summary of HIV biology and the studies carried out in Mexico concerning the search of anti-HIV compounds from the local flora is also presented.

A AIDS é um problema de saúde pública mundial, pelo qual é necessário coordenar os esforços para combater esta enfermidade. Nesta perspectiva, se revisam as investigações tendentes ao descubrimento e desenvolvimento de novos fármacos contra o virus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) a partir de metabólitos secundários de origem vegetal isolados de espécies da família Clusiaceae. Em particular, a revisão é focada nas cumarinas tetracíclicas inibidoras da transcriptase reversa do HIV-1, como o (+)-calanolide A. Também é apresentado um esboço sobre a biologia do HIV e dos estudos levados a efeifo no México referentes à procura de compostos anti-HIV a partir da flora local.